The authors sirah (biography) of Muhammad is generally agreed that he was born in the Year of Elephant, the year 570 AD Muhammad was born in the city of Mecca, in southern Arabian Peninsula, a place that when it is the most backward regions in the world, far from the center of commerce, arts, and science. His father, Abdullah, died in the travel trade in Yathrib, when Muhammad was still in the womb. He left the property five camels, a flock of sheep and a slave woman named Umm Ayman who then take care of the Prophet.
At the time of Muhammad was six years old, his mother Aminah bint Wahab take him to Yathrib (Madinah) to visit family and visit the grave of his father. But on the way home, her mother fell ill. After several days, Aminah died in Abwa 'which is located not far from Yathrib, and was buried there. After his mother died, Muhammad was guarded by his grandfather, 'Abd al-Muttalib. After her grandfather died, he guarded by his uncle, Abu Talib. When he is asked to herding his goats around Mecca and often accompanied his uncle in their commercial affairs into the land of Sham (Syria, Lebanon and Palestine).Almost all hadith scholars and historians agree that Muhammad was born in the month Rabiulawal, although they disagreed about the date. Among Shiites, according to the guidance of the Imam who is a direct descendant of Muhammad, stating that he was born on Friday, 17Rabiulawal, while Sunnis believe that he was born on Monday, 12 Rabiulawal or (August 2 570M)
Mid-17th century is the period of hatchery science. The discovery of nearby stars binoculars beginning of this century has revolutionized the entire opinion about astrology. English philosopher Francis Bacon and the French philosopher Rene Descartes both cried out to scientists all over Europe that no longer rely on the authority of Aristotle, but to experiment and research on the basic point of departure and his own purposes. What was put forward by Bacon and Descartes, has been practiced by the great Galileo. Use binoculars stars, new inventions to Newton's research has revolutionized astronomy by field investigation, and he was doing in the mechanics sector has resulted in what is now known as "Newton's laws of motion" of the first.
Another great scientist, like William Harvey, discoverer of blood circulation and Happenings inventor Johannes Kepler motion grammar planets around the sun, presents very basic information for the scholars. Still, pure science is still a favorite of the intellectuals, and still can not be proved, when used in technology-that science can change the basic pattern of human life, as predicted by Francis Bacon.
While Copernicus and Galileo was kicked to the side a few presumption digress about the ancient knowledge and understanding which has served more genah about the universe, but no one else that defined the subject matter thoroughly capable of turning the pile understanding gurem and unfounded as she arranges them in a theoretical predictions allow the development of a more scientific. None other than Isaac Newton was the one who could present a collection of neatly summarized the theory and laid the first stone of modern science which is now the current fad so people.
Newton himself was reluctant to issue and announced his findings. The basic idea has been drawn up long before the year 1669 but a lot of new theories are public knowledge for years afterward. Issuance of the first invention is related to the old belief in reverse penjungkir about things light. In a series of careful experiments, Newton discovered the fact that what is commonly called the "white light" is actually none other than that contained a mixture of all colors in the rainbow. And she went with a very careful analysis of the legal consequences of reflection and refraction of light. He's holding on this law-in the year 1668 - well designed and built the first reflecting telescope, binoculars model used by most investigators kemintang current-star. These findings, together with the results obtained in the field of optical experiments that have been diperagakannya, dedicated by him to the British royal institute researcher when he was twenty-nine years.
Newtonian successes in the field of optics alone may be sufficient to settle the order of the list of Newtonian on this book. Meanwhile, there are discoveries of lesser importance in the field of pure mathematics and in the field of mechanics. Greatest offerings in the field of mathematics is the invention of "integral calculus" which may be solved when he was twenty three, twenty four years. This discovery is the most important works in the field of modern mathematics. Not just like a seed that grows therefrom modern mathematical theory, but also furniture inevitable that without his invention of modern advancement of knowledge that comes after is impossible.Although Newton did not do anything else, the discovery of "integral calculus" he alone was sufficient to lead him to a tall ladder in this list.
But Newton's discoveries in the fields of mechanics, most importantly, knowledge about the movement thing. Galileo was the inventor of the first law of motion describing the object if something is not influenced by outside forces. Of course, all objects are basically influenced by outside forces and issues are most important in the mechanical particulars is how objects move under the circumstances. This problem is solved by Newton's laws of motion in the second and famous and can be regarded as laws of classical physics the most important. The second law (in matcmatik translated it with the equation F = ma) specifies that the object acceleration is equal to the net force divided by mass of the object. Newton's second law to add the famous third law of motion (claims that in every action, such as physical strength, have the same reaction to the contrary) and the most famous scientific discoveries about the rule of law of universal gravity. All four devices to this law, if combined, would form a unified system applicable for the whole macro-mechanics systems, ranging from the pendulum to the motion pergoyangan planets in orbit around the sun that can be monitored and his movements can be predicted.Newton did not just set the laws of mechanics, but he himself also used the tools of mathematical calculus, and show that these fundamental formulas can be used for solving the problem.
Newton's laws can and are already used in a wide-scale scientific and technical equipment of various fields of design. In his lifetime, pemraktekan the most dramatic is in the field of astronomy. In this sector, even Newton standing at the front. Year 1678 Newton published his famous mathematical principles of natural philosophy (usually summarized Principia only). In the book, Newton put forward his theory of gravity and the laws of the laws of motion. He shows how these laws can be used to estimate accurately the movements of planets around the sun.The major problem gestures astronomy is how to estimate the exact position and movement-kemintang stars and planets, thus fully solved by the Newton just one sambar. On Newton's works were often considered the greatest astronomer of all the greatest.
What is our assessment of the significance of Newton scholarship? If we open-science open a free index, we will find particulars about Newton and the laws and the findings of two or three times more numerous than the particulars of any scientist. Great scholars word that Leibniz was not close to Newton's even been involved in a quarrel bitterly: "Of all the matters relating to the world of mathematics from start growing until the Newton, the ones who give the best contribution." Also praise given by the great French scholar, The Laplace: "The Book of Newton's Principia is far above all products of human genius in the world." And Langrange often said that Newton was the greatest genius who ever lived. While Ernst Mach in his writings in the year 1901 said, "All that has been unsolved math problem since their lifetime is the basic mechanics of development, based on Newton's laws." This is probably the major discovery of the most intricate Newton: he found a container of separation between facts and the law , able to describe some of the magic but not much help to make these allegations, he bequeath to us the laws of the continuum that can be used for physical problems within the scope of the secrets contained very broad and likely to make the right guesses.
In this concise descriptions, it is impossible to disclose in detail the discoveries of Newton. As a result, many of the works rather less well known are forced to set aside even have an important meaning in terms of discovery in the field of their own problems. Newton also gave a big contribution in the field of thermodynamics (the investigation of the heat) and in the fields of acoustics (the science of sound). And he was instrumental in the shaping that serves as a crystal clear explanation of physical principles of "preservation" amount to no wasted motion, and "preserving" the amount of angular motion of something. Queue this finding could be extended again if you like: Newtonlah people found the binomial theorem in mathematics is very logical and accountable. Want to add more? He also, none other than, the first person who expresses convincingly Happenings origin of stars.
Now, because this: Newton's scientists put the most thumbs up from all the scientists who ever lived on earth. Most gleaming like an emerald in the middle of the pile stone. Put it that way.However, there may be people who question what the reasons put Newton on the giant frontman politicians such as Alexander the Great or George Washington, and instead called the first major religious figures like Jesus or Buddha Gautama. Why should it?
My consideration of this. True, political changes are important if not paramount importance.Even so, however, the greatest Part of the general human life hardly much difference between them at the age of five hundred years after Alexander died with them in the days of five hundred before Alexander came from his mother's womb. In other words, the way people live in the year 1500 CE in a way similar to the way life's great-great-grandfather, son, son of their great-grandfather in the year 1500 BC. Now, look at from the point of developments in science. In five of the last century, thanks to modern scientific discoveries, the way of everyday human life already experiencing great revolution. How to dress differently, eat different ways, different way of working and manifold. Even, relaxed way of life-careless berleha even not at all similar to what is done to the year 1500 Anno Domini era. Scientific discoveries have revolutionized not only the technology and economics, but also have changed the terms of the total political, religious thought, art and philosophy. Very langkalah aspects of human life that remains "squatting in places" not moved an inch even with the existence of a scientific revolution. The reason for this-once again-for this reason that so the reasons why so many scientists and inventors of new ideas contained in this book list. Newton not only the most intelligent among the rows of smart brain brain, but once he's most influential figures in the development of scientific theories. That's why he got the honor for the top seated in order of most of the many of the most influential man in human history. Newton's final breath in 1727, was buried in Westminster Abbey, the first scientist to obtain such Tribute
Buddhists do not consider Siddhartha Gautama Buddha as the first or last. Technically, a Buddha, someone who finds the Dharma or Dhamma (the mean: The Truth; case the actual reason, the difficulty of the human condition, and the true path to freedom through awareness, comes after a good karma (destination) dikekalkan balanced and all bad actions adept not be abandoned. Achieving nirvana (nibbana) among the three types of Buddha are similar, but Samma-Sambuddha emphasize more on quality and effort than the other two. Three types of Buddhist groups are :
- Samma-Sambuddha yang mendapat Kesadaran penuh tanpa guru, hanya dengan usaha sendiri
- Pacceka-Buddha atau Pratyeka-Buddha yang menyerupai Samma-Sambuddha, tetapi senantiasa diam dan menyimpan pencapaian Dharma pada diri sendiri.
- Savaka-Buddha yang merupakan Arahat (pengikut kesadaran), tetapi mencapai tahap Kesadaran dengan mendengar Dhamma.
Kitap Suci agama Buddha adalah Tripitaka.
5. Confucius
6. Saint Paul
7. Thai Lun
8. Johan Gutemberg
9. Christopher Columbus
10. Albert Einstein
11. Karl Marx
12. Louis Pasteur
13. Galileo Galilei
14. Aristoteles
15. V.I. Lenin
16. Nabi Musa
17. Charles Darwin
18. Chin Huang Ti
19. Agustus Caesar
20. Mao Tse-tung
21. Genghis Khan
22. Euclid
23. Martin Luther
24. Nicolas Copernicus
25. James Watt
26. Constantine the Great
27. George Washington
28. Michael Faraday
29. James Clerk Maxwell
30. Orville dan Wilbur Wright
31. Antoine Laurent Lavoisier
32. Sigmund Freud
33. lskandar Zulkarnaen
34. Napoleon Bonaparte
35. Adolf Hitler
36. William Shakespeare
37. Adam Smith
38. Thomas Edison
39. Anton van Leuwenhoek
40. Plato
41. Gugleilmo Marconi
42. Ludwig van Beethoven
43, Werner Heisenberg
44. Alexander G Bell
45. Alexander Fleming
46. Simon Bolivar
47. Oliver Cromwell
48. John Locke
49. Michelangelo
50. Pans Urban II
51. Umar bin Khatab
52. Asoka
53. Sam Augustine
54. Max Planck
55. John Calvin
56. William Morton
57. William Harvey
58. Antoine Becquerel
59. Greger Mendel
60. Joseph Lister
61. Nicholas August Otto
62. Louis Daguerre
63. Joseph Stalin
64. Rene Descartes
65. Julius Caesar
66. Francisco Pizarro
67. Hernando Cortes
68. Ratu Isabella I
69. William the Congqueror
70. Thomas Jefferson
71. Jean Jacques Rousseau
72. Edward Jenner
73. Wilhelm Rontgen
74. Johan Sebastian Bach
25. James Watt
75. Lau-tzu
76. Enrico Ferni
77. Thomas Maltus
78. Francis Bacon
79. Voltaire
80. John F. Kennedy
81. Gregory Pincus
82. Sui Wen Ti
83. Mani (Manes)
84. Vasco da Gama
85. Charlemagne
86. Cyrys the Great
87. Leonard Euler
88. Nicollo Machiavelli
89. Zoroaster
90. Menes
91. Peter the Great
92. Mencius
93. John Dalton
94. Homer
95. Ratu Elizabeth I
96. Justinian I
97. Johannes Kepler
98. Pablo Picasso
9
9. Mahavira
100. Niels Bohr